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The best time to visit Florence is in May or September, when temperatures are mild and rainfall is moderate. June and July are the hottest months, with highs around 33°C and little rain, while November and December are the rainiest, with 13-14 rain days. April and October are also pleasant, though slightly cooler and wetter. The summer months are ideal for outdoor sightseeing, but the heat can be intense.

Stay in the Historical Center for first-time visitors; it puts you steps from the Duomo, Uffizi, and Ponte Vecchio, and hotels like Hotel Milù and The St. Regis Florence are right there. The Oltrarno, across the river around Santo Spirito and Palazzo Pitti, suits those who want a quieter, more local feel with artisan shops and evening bars. Santa Maria Novella, near the train station and the basilica, is convenient for short stays and easy access to sights.

Start at the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore for its iconic dome, then cross the river on Ponte Vecchio, the city's famous old bridge. See Michelangelo's David at the Uffizi Galleries, and take in the skyline from Piazzale Michelangelo. Piazza della Signoria is the open-air heart of the old city, and Basilica of Santa Croce holds the tombs of notable Italians.

Full-day tours from Florence go to Siena, San Gimignano, Pisa, and the Chianti wine region, often combined with lunch at a winery. Another tour heads to the Cinque Terre, the Ligurian coastal villages. These are the main day-trip destinations offered from the city.

Plan 3 days in Florence. On day one, see the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, Giotto's Bell Tower, and Ponte Vecchio. Day two is for the Uffizi Galleries and Piazza della Signoria, then Piazzale Michelangelo for the view. Day three covers Basilica of Santa Croce, Palazzo Pitti, and Boboli Gardens. If you add a Tuscany day trip to Siena, San Gimignano, or Pisa, plan a fourth day.